Category Archives: Vasubandhu and the Absolute

The Mélange of the Absolute

Vasubandhu characterizes this last segment with the following delineations:

If there were no defiling phenomenal impediments, all corporeal beings would already be liberated. read more

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Sweet Sixteen

There is another subdivision of the Absolute, which is sixteenfold; Stcherbatsky refers to these as sixteen modes of Relative Reality, or those which the Absolute is subjacent to: read more

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Synonyms of the Absolute

Friedmann’s translation:

A synonym makes clear that there are different names for the same-thing.
Because it defines the meaning of [the word of which it is] a synonym, it is called synonym…
Summarily the synonyms of the Absolute are:
Tathatā: The Absolute Essence; Suchness.
Bhūtakoṭi: The Limit of Reality; The Absolute Point of Existence.
Animitta: Deprived of Characteristics; The Formless.
Paramārthā: the Absolute, the Ultimate Reality.
Dharmadhātu: The Unique Absolute; the Ultimate cause of
the elements; Realm of Ideas. read more

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The Essence of the Absolute

What is meant by the Essence of the Absolute?

Stcherbatsky’s translation:

The unreality of both (The object and the subject),
And the reality (subjacent) of this unreality,
(This is the essence of the Absolute),
T’is neither (exclusively) assertion,
Nor is it (exclusively) negation
(And the Constructor of phenomena)
Is neither different from it Nor is it quite the same. read more

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The Science of the Absolute

We shall soon come to realize in this series that the Madhyāntavibhāga and its commentaries are a unique Science that directly dissects the inner and outer nature of the Absolute. Lankavatarians have a particular interest in this as the Absolute, or “Unborn” as it’s adoringly Self-realized, will become in this series evermore familiar as Its [attributes] are analyzed and thoroughly anatomized. read more

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Son of the Sugata

Before instructing upon the chapter of The Absolute, we will first share portions of the introduction to the Madhyāntavibhāgabhāṣya (Vasubandhu’s commentary) and the Madhyāntavibhāgaṭīkā (Sthiramati’s sub-commentary). Please note that the word “Saint” in both translations (Stcherbatsky and Friedmann) will be rendered under its proper appellation as Ārya. read more

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Madhyāntavibhāgabhāṣya+ṭīkā

When one considers Asanga and Vasubandhu and their connection with the Yogācāra, it needs to be stated that they stressed their basic position as Vijñaptimātratā, wherein the emphasis was placed on a form of an epistemic-proposition that elaborates on perceptual-errors that blocks the path to higher self-realization. In this sense its primary focus is more of a soteriological-formulation than an exclusively “mind-only” proposition. Thus, Vijñaptimātratā became known as the fundamental philosophical principle of a “Classical- Yogācāra” as articulated by Asanga and Vasubandhu. In particular, Vasubandhu, in his Madhyāntavibhāgabhāṣya, or commentary on the Madhyāntavibhāga, put the Vijñaptimātratā-construct to work wholeheartedly. Likewise, the Madhyānta-vibhāgaṭīkā, or subcommentary on both the Madhyāntavibhāga+bhāṣya composed by Sthiramati, also puts emphasis on that Vijñaptimātratā formulation. While Stcherbatsky includes both the MAVBH and MAVT in his translation, someone else writing simultaneously at the same time (unbeknownst to both men), the Dutch scholar David Lasar Friedmann, placed a greater emphasis on the Sthiramati Madhyāntavibhāgaṭīkā. It’s interesting to note that when Friedmann heard that the famous Russian Buddhologist was translating the same work, he was about to abandon his efforts when he was persuaded by Stcherbatsky to continue his noble effort. We will also be utilizing Friedmann’s excellent work as it nicely and refreshingly compliments Stcherbatsky’s translation. read more

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The-Thing-In-Itself

Before we enter into the Kantian connection with the Madhyāntavibhāga, it needs to be shared what Stcherbatsky’s notion of “Yoga” entailed, for it is a most profound one: read more

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Vasubandhu and the Absolute

Vasubandhu (born 316 AD) and his half-brother, Asanga, were the early formulators of the Yogācāra, a profound and intricate school of Mahāyāna philosophy. The most concise definition of Yogācāra is the practice (ācāra) of spiritual discipline (yoga). Vasubandhu’s range of scholarly acumen is quite prolific: read more

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